/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* Copyright (c) 2025 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
* in the root directory of this software component.
* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "adc.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include <stdio.h>
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
static HAL_StatusTypeDef read_mcu_temperature(float *temperature_c);
static void print_temperature(float temperature_c);
static void print_temperature_read_error(void);
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
#define ADC_CALIB_VREF_VOLTAGE 3.3f
#define TEMPSENSOR_CAL1_TEMP_C 30.0f
#define TEMPSENSOR_CAL2_TEMP_C 110.0f
#define TEMPSENSOR_TYP_V25 0.76f
#define TEMPSENSOR_TYP_AVG_SLOPE 0.0025f
#define ADC_12BIT_FULL_SCALE 4095.0f
#ifndef VREFINT_CAL_ADDR
#define VREFINT_CAL_ADDR ((uint16_t*)(0x1FFF7A2AU))
#endif
#ifndef TEMPSENSOR_CAL1_ADDR
#define TEMPSENSOR_CAL1_ADDR ((uint16_t*)(0x1FFF7A2CU))
#endif
#ifndef TEMPSENSOR_CAL2_ADDR
#define TEMPSENSOR_CAL2_ADDR ((uint16_t*)(0x1FFF7A2EU))
#endif
#define ADC_CALIB_READ16(addr) (*((volatile uint16_t *)(addr)))
#define ADC_MEDIAN_SAMPLE_COUNT 5U
#define ADC_CONVERSION_TIMEOUT_MS 10U
/* 中值滤波中使用的简单插入排序，样本数较小时效率尚可。 */
static void insertion_sort(uint32_t *data, uint32_t length)
{
for (uint32_t i = 1U; i < length; ++i)
{
uint32_t key = data[i];
int32_t j = (int32_t)i - 1;
while ((j >= 0) && (data[j] > key))
{
data[j + 1] = data[j];
--j;
}
data[j + 1] = key;
}
}
/*
* 读取 MCU 内置温度与 VREFINT，结合校准常数计算校准后的摄氏温度：
* 1. 连续触发 ADC，获取多组温度/基准电压结果。
* 2. 对两组原始数据分别做插入排序并取中值，抑制瞬时噪声。
* 3. 使用 VREFINT 工厂校准常数推算当前 VDDA 后，将温度采样值映射到
* TS_CAL1/TS_CAL2 所定义的 30°C~110°C 直线，得到实际温度。
* 4. 若校准常数缺失，则退化为使用典型 V25/斜率的粗略计算。
*/
static HAL_StatusTypeDef read_mcu_temperature(float *temperature_c)
{
if (temperature_c == NULL)
{
return HAL_ERROR;
}
HAL_StatusTypeDef status = HAL_OK;
uint32_t temp_samples[ADC_MEDIAN_SAMPLE_COUNT];
uint32_t vref_samples[ADC_MEDIAN_SAMPLE_COUNT];
for (uint32_t i = 0U; i < ADC_MEDIAN_SAMPLE_COUNT; ++i)
{
status = HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc1);
if (status != HAL_OK)
{
goto cleanup;
}
status = HAL_ADC_PollForConversion(&hadc1, ADC_CONVERSION_TIMEOUT_MS);
if (status != HAL_OK)
{
goto cleanup;
}
temp_samples[i] = HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc1);
status = HAL_ADC_PollForConversion(&hadc1, ADC_CONVERSION_TIMEOUT_MS);
if (status != HAL_OK)
{
goto cleanup;
}
vref_samples[i] = HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc1);
}
cleanup:
HAL_ADC_Stop(&hadc1);
if (status != HAL_OK)
{
return status;
}
insertion_sort(temp_samples, ADC_MEDIAN_SAMPLE_COUNT);
insertion_sort(vref_samples, ADC_MEDIAN_SAMPLE_COUNT);
uint32_t raw_temp = temp_samples[ADC_MEDIAN_SAMPLE_COUNT / 2U];
uint32_t raw_vrefint = vref_samples[ADC_MEDIAN_SAMPLE_COUNT / 2U];
if (raw_vrefint == 0U)
{
return HAL_ERROR;
}
uint16_t vrefint_cal = ADC_CALIB_READ16(VREFINT_CAL_ADDR);
uint16_t ts_cal1 = ADC_CALIB_READ16(TEMPSENSOR_CAL1_ADDR);
uint16_t ts_cal2 = ADC_CALIB_READ16(TEMPSENSOR_CAL2_ADDR);
if (vrefint_cal == 0U)
{
return HAL_ERROR;
}
float vdda = ADC_CALIB_VREF_VOLTAGE * ((float)vrefint_cal / (float)raw_vrefint);
if ((ts_cal1 != 0U) && (ts_cal2 != 0U) && (ts_cal2 != ts_cal1))
{
float temp_at_cal_vdda = ((float)raw_temp * vdda) / ADC_CALIB_VREF_VOLTAGE;
*temperature_c = ((temp_at_cal_vdda - (float)ts_cal1) *
(TEMPSENSOR_CAL2_TEMP_C - TEMPSENSOR_CAL1_TEMP_C) /
((float)ts_cal2 - (float)ts_cal1)) +
TEMPSENSOR_CAL1_TEMP_C;
}
else
{
float vsense = ((float)raw_temp / ADC_12BIT_FULL_SCALE) * vdda;
*temperature_c = ((TEMPSENSOR_TYP_V25 - vsense) / TEMPSENSOR_TYP_AVG_SLOPE) + 25.0f;
}
return HAL_OK;
}
/* 将温度格式化成字符串并通过 USART2 输出。 */
static void print_temperature(float temperature_c)
{
char buffer[64];
int length = snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "MCU Temp: %.2f C\r\n", temperature_c);
if (length <= 0)
{
return;
}
uint16_t bytes_to_send = (length < (int)sizeof(buffer)) ? (uint16_t)length : (uint16_t)(sizeof(buffer) - 1U);
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, (uint8_t *)buffer, bytes_to_send, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
}
/* 当温度采集失败时输出错误信息，便于调试。 */
static void print_temperature_read_error(void)
{
static const char error_message[] = "MCU Temp read failed\r\n";
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, (uint8_t *)error_message, sizeof(error_message) - 1U, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
}
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_USART2_UART_Init();
MX_ADC1_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
{
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
float temperature_c = 0.0f;
if (read_mcu_temperature(&temperature_c) == HAL_OK)
{
print_temperature(temperature_c);
}
else
{
print_temperature_read_error();
}
HAL_Delay(1000);
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
/** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
*/
__HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE2);
/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 4;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 84;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 7;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
__disable_irq();
while (1)
{
}
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param file: pointer to the source file name
* @param line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
